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 * BY: **Kaitlin Gentile, Allyson Bouchard, Katrina Higgins

1920 Inventions New Ideas 1920 Entertainment People of the 1920's 1920 Economy Government

**1920** - November 2: First Radio broadcast; President Warren Harding elected; women get their first vote
 * Timeline of the 1920's **
 * 1921** - September 8: First Miss America pageant held in Atlantic City; November 11: Unknown soldier of World War I buried
 * 1922** - November 26: Archaeologist Howard Carter finds tomb of Tutankhamen near Luxor, Egypt
 * 1923** - August 2: President Harding dies; August 3: Vice President Calvin Coolidge is sworn into office as president
 * 1924** - February 3: Former President Woodrow Wilson dies; November 4: Calvin Coolidge is elected President
 * 1925** - October 2: Scottish inventor John Baird invents the first form of a television
 * 1927** - First talking movie, __The Jazz Singer__ released; May 20: Spirit of St. Louis and pilot Charles Lindbergh land in Paris
 * 1928** - September 19: First Mickey Mouse talking film, __Steamboat Willie__, released by Walt Disney; November 6: Herbert Hoover elected President

= Inventions: =

The Radio-
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The Airplane-
The Airplane had been invented December 17, 1903 by the Wright Brothers. It was unstable and hard to control, and became less popular even in its use as reconnaissance and attacks during WWI. Although the airplane had become used more throughout America, it was never taken seriously by anyone. The federal government eventually developed the idea of Air-Mail during this decade, sparking its use in American Business.



The Model T-
The model T, during the 1920's, was mass produced, making it the fastest, cheapest and easiest way to travel at the time. The Model T renewed a sense of independence among the American people who had lost their pioneer spirit to industrialization, the model T was an all around American invention. Henry Ford was the man who pioneered the assembly line, and Americas first car.

= New Ideas: =

Birth Control-
Nurse and Birth control advocate Margaret Sanger helped women gain the ability to limit and control pregnancies. This movement redefined sexual standards, especially for women, but for men as well. Her 1921 American Birth Control League is our modern day Planned Parenthood organizations.

Prohibition-
Prohibition began January 16, 1920. The manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages were restricted or illegal. This idea was to lower crime and corruption, reduce social problems, lower taxes needed to support prisons and poorhouses, and improve health and hygiene in America.

Mencken thought that the United States, as a society needed to change. He believed that authors helped the economy out of the depression more than the politicians. His monthly magazine "American Mercury" led the literary attack on tradition moral values, the middle class and "Puritanism."

Psychology-
Sigmund Freud was a Viennese psychologist who rewrote how Americans viewed their actions, motives and relationships. His writings were interpreted to call for sexual liberation and gratification. His writings may have influenced the Birth Control Movement.

Education-
During the 1920's teaching the theory of evolution was not only taboo, but illegal. One teacher, John Scopes, tested the limits of the law. The Scopes "Monkey" Trial was a battle between modern science and fundamentalist religion.

= Entertainment: =

Flappers-
Flappers were a new sort of women. They dressed in short skirts, wore lots of make up, bobbed their hair, and listened to jazz. For this they were seen as wild and their behavior viewed as unacceptable. They viewed sex loosely, drank alcohol, smoked, drove, opposite of what the culture previously believed. media type="youtube" key="3svvCj4yhYc" height="230" width="287"

The Jazz Singer-
The first talking motion picture, produced in 1927. This ended the "silent" film era, a huge jump for Hollywood. media type="youtube" key="y1HURXWH9FA" height="232" width="289" align="center"
 * Another speaking film:**

Jazz Music-
Jazz music was a unique movement primarily among African-American musicians. It had an effect on all parts of American society from Jazz poetry, to fashion, and industry. Although it was a step forward for blacks, it also exacerbated racial tensions. Some African-American Jazz singers were covered by white singers to draw in the more traditional viewing white listeners.

The Great Gatsby-
Writer F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote several novels that were popular among young people in the 1920's. He coined the term "Jazz Age" for this decade. His four 1920 novels were: __The Great Gatsby__, __This Side of Paradise__, __The Beautiful and Damned__, and __Tender is the Night__.

= People: =

**Charles Lindbergh-**
Early in the morning on May 20, 1927 Charles A. Lindbergh took off in The Spirit of St. Louis from Roosevelt Field near New York City When he landed, less than 34 hours after his departure from New York, Lindbergh became the first person to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. Lindbergh was an American icon to many during the 1920's.

Al Capone-
Top Chicago Gangster, he promoted anti-prohibition acts. He broke the law several times for illegal booze creation, distribution, and consumption. He became an idol for liberation on the prohibition stage.

American Legion-
World War veterans group. Together they promoted positive patriotism and economic benefits for former servicemen, retired or injured.

Charles Evans Hughes-
Charles Evans Hughes was a strong minded leader of Harding's cabinet, a direct contrast of the other weak willed politicians bending to corruption at the time. He was the initiator of many naval agreements trying to get rid of war for future generations.

= Economy: =

Advertising-
During this time America was mass consuming products. Designed by Bruce Barton, advertising creatively encouraged additional consumption. This lead to new ideas and new products that helped the economy greatly.

Bruce Barton-
Not only was he the founder of advertisements, he was also the author of a new interpretation of Christ in //The Man Nobody Knows.//

Andrew Mellon-
In order to promote business investment, he proposed an idea to lower taxes on the rich. This idea is still used today, its purpose is to give the rich a break in hopes that they will pass on their good fortune to businesses and the poor, making a trickle down effect. = Government: =

Washington D.C.-
Washington hosted a major international conference that scaled back armaments and attempted to stabalize conditions in the Far East. This is extremely important due to high tensions about communism in the Far East, and fear of it reaching us. Also, even though it did not prevent WWII it was certainly a step in the right direction for easing conflicts in Europe.

McNary-Haugen Bill-
Farm Proposal of 1920, passed by congress but vetoed by the president. This bill would allow the federal government to buy farm surpluses and sell them abroad.

Adkins Act-
This act invalidated the minimum wage law for women. It actually made women more equal in the workplace, because there was ONE minimum wage for both genders rather than separate ones.

This was an agreement to outlaw war signed on August 27, 1928. Sometimes called the Pact of Paris for the city in which it was signed, the pact was one of many international efforts to prevent another World War, but it had little effect in stopping the rising militarism of the 1930s or preventing World War II.
 * Kellogg-Briand Pact-**